Khóa học Xây dựng Hệ thống Quản lý Chất lượng Nhà cung cấp chuẩn quốc tế | CiCC

1. QMS Nha cung cap la gi? Tai sao can?

QMS Nha cung cap (Supplier Quality Management System) la tap hop cac Quy trinh, Thu tuc, Nhan luc, Tai nguyen de dam bao nha cung cap (NCC) cung cap san pham/dich vu dat YEU CAU chat luong, dung luc, dung chi phi.

Tai sao doanh nghiep can QMS NCC?

• Quan ly rui ro chuoi cung ung: 70% rui ro kinh doanh den tu NCC. Khong QMS NCC = Doi pho voi rui ro khong co kiem soat.
• Dam bao chat luong dau vao: 80% defect san pham cuoi cung co nguon goc tu dau vao.
• Chuan muc Quoc te: IATF 16949 (O to), ISO 9001, AS9100 (Hang khong), FDA (Y te) -> Yeu cau QMS NCC chat che.
• Hieu qua hoat dong: Giam chi phi sai hoc, giam downtime, tang nang suat.
• Canh tranh: NCC co QMS tot -> San pham tot -> Doanh nghiep tot hon.

2. Quan ly Vong doi Nha cung cap (Supplier Lifecycle)

Vong doi NCC = Tu khi tim kiem den khi ngung kinh doanh.

3. Supplier Qualification (Dinh huong & Danh gia)

Qualification = Chung minh NCC co kha nang dap ung yeu cau.

• Pre-qualification:
• Self-Assessment Questionnaire (SAQ): NCC tu danh gia theo form cua ban (ISO 9001, IATF clauses, Customer specific reqs).
• Desk Audit: Check SAQ, Certs (ISO, etc.), Business license, Financial health.
• On-site Audit (Theo ISO 19011 / IATF 13485):
• Audit Plan: Muc tieu, Pham vi, Tieu chi (Audit criteria), Team, Lich trinh.
• Audit Checklist: Theo cac muc QMS (Mgmt System, Doc Control, Training, Purchasing, Production, Quality, Lab, Warehousing, Shipping).
• Audit Process: Opening Meeting -> Evidence collection (Interview, Observation, Doc review) -> Finding documentation (NC, Obs, OFI) -> Audit Closing Meeting.
• Supplier Audit Report: Summary, Findings (NC, Obs, OFI), Corrective Action Request (CAR).

4. Supplier Development (Phat trien nang luc)

Sap xep NCC thanh muc: Strategic, Preferred, Transactional, High Risk. Tap trung phat trien Strategic/Preferred.

• Performance Review: Hang thang/Quy. Supplier Scorecard (On-time delivery OTD, Quality PPM, Cost, Service).
• Joint Kaizen Event: Cung nhau lam VSM, 5S, Bottleneck analysis, Line Balancing tai nha NCC.
• Training: CiCC cung cap training Lean, 6 Sigma, Quality Tools cho NCC.
• Process Improvement Plan: NCC lam Action Plan -> Ban theo doi -> Audit tien do.
• Risk Mitigation Plan: NCC co rui ro -> Dong hanh giam rui ro (VD: Second source, Inventory build-up).

5. Supplier Performance Management (Quan ly hieu suat)

Supplier Scorecard: Dinh ky (Hang thang/Quy) danh gia NCC. Bao gom:

• Quality: PPM (Defective Parts Per Million), FTY (First Time Yield), Audit Score, Nonconformance reports (NCRs).
• Delivery: OTD (On-Time Delivery %), Fill Rate (So luong), Lead Time (Avg/Max).
• Cost: Unit Price, Price variance, Cost reduction proposals, Payment terms.
• Service: Responsiveness, Communication, Support, Technical capability.
• Compliance: EHS, Social responsibility, Regulatory compliance.

Ranking & Segmentation: NCC duoc xep hang -> Thuong (Top NCC), Phat (Low performer), Can improve (PIP), De-select.

6. Supplier Risk Management (Quan ly rui ro)

Rui ro chuoi cung ung:

• Financial Risk: NCC sap pha san -> Khong giao hang -> Business interruption.
• Quality Risk: NCC chat luong kem -> San pham dau vao loi -> Retooling, Scrap, Recall.
• Delivery Risk: NCC giao muon/thieu -> Production halt.
• Geopolitical/Environmental Risk: Thien tai, Conflict, Trade war -> Supplier shutdown.
• Reputational Risk: NCC vi pham lao dong, moi truong -> Anh huong thuong hieu ban.

Kiem soat rui ro:

• Multi-sourcing: Khong phu thuoc 1 NCC.
• Dual-sourcing: Tim NCC thu 2 cho hang A-Class.
• Buffer Stock: Duy tri Safety stock cho rui ro cao.
• Supplier Collaboration: Chia se thong tin, Risk sharing.
• Supplier Certification: Yeu cau NCC co QMS tot (ISO, IATF).
• Contractual Clauses: Yeu cau ve Chat luong, Giao hang, An toan, Bao mat.

7. Supplier Audit (Danh gia noi bo & ben ngoai)

Audit = Xac minh thuc te voi “audit criteria” (QMS, Contract, Spec).

Audit Noi bo (Internal Audit):

• Do Internal Audit Team cua ban.
• Kiem tra xem cac bo phan trong cong ty da tuan thu QMS ban than chua.
• Audit ban than P.Cung ung (Procurement / QA), P. San xuat, P. Kho, P. Lab.

Audit Ben ngoai (External Audit):

• 1st Party Audit: Internal Audit -> Audit cua ban than minh.
• 2nd Party Audit: Audit cua Khach hang len ban.
• 3rd Party Audit: Chung nhan vien (VD: ISO 9001, IATF 16949).
• Supplier Audit: Ban audit NCC (2nd party cho NCC).

Auditor Competency: Audit phai duoc thuc hien boi nguoi co Kien thuc (QMS, Tech), Ky nang (Interview, Observation, Documentation), Kinh nghiem.

8. Template & Tool cung cap

1. Supplier Qualification Checklist (Excel: Criteria, Weight, Score, Pass/Fail)
2. Supplier Audit Checklist (Excel: ISO 9001/IATF sections, NC/Obs/OFI scoring)
3. Supplier Scorecard Template (Excel: OTD, PPM, Cost, Service, Compliance metrics)
4. Corrective Action Request (CAR) Form (Word: Problem, Root Cause, Action, Owner, Due Date, Closure)
5. Supplier Development Plan (Excel: NCC, Area, Target, Action, Owner, Due Date, Status)
6. Supplier Risk Assessment Matrix (Excel: Risk Type, Likelihood, Impact, Mitigation, Score)
7. Supplier Audit Report Template (Word: Scope, Findings, Conclusion, Reco)
8. Supplier Performance Review Meeting Minutes (Word)

9. Lien he tu van

Hotline: 098 905 1920 (Chi Dung)

Email: dung.truong@lean.vn

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