A measuring instrument or device used to measure, evaluate, or assess various parameters or dimensions accurately.

An analysis or study assessing a measuring device's linearity and bias to ensure accurate and consistent measurements.

Gage Repeatability and Reproducibility Study: An assessment evaluating the reliability and consistency of a measurement system.

Gage repeatability and reproducibility (GR&R): The evaluation of a gauging instrument’s accuracy by determining whether its measurements are repeatable (there is close agreement among a number of consecutive measurements of the output for the same value of the input under the same operating conditions) and reproducible (there is close agreement among repeated measurements of the output for the same value of input made under the same operating conditions over a period of time).

A graphical representation displaying measurements or values obtained from a measurement system over time, assessing stability and consistency.

The acceptable or specified range of variation or deviation permitted in measurements obtained from a measuring device or system.

Supplier KANBAN system

Gain sharing: A reward system that shares the monetary results of productivity gains among owners and employees.

A collaborative learning or problem solving technique where participants review and provide feedback on displayed materials or ideas in a gallery like setting.

A statistical distribution parameter or shape factor influencing the shape of various probability distributions like the gamma distribution.

A continuous probability distribution describing the time until an event's occurrence, often used in reliability analysis or waiting times.

A project management tool or chart displaying tasks, timelines, and progress in a project, representing activities against time.

A strategic assessment or comparison identifying gaps or discrepancies between current and desired states to facilitate improvements or changes.

Substance similar to air that becomes airborne at room temperature, diffusing rapidly.

Gatekeeper: A timekeeper; in team meetings, a designated individual who helps monitor the team’s use of allocated time.

See Normal distribution.

A Japanese term referring to the practice of going to the actual place or location where work is done to understand processes and identify improvements.

Actual item, real thing

True facts (and no assumptions). The “true fact“ can be determined by data collection in the problem solving process. Nonconformity and rejection rates and developments over time are used here as performance figures. (Term that originated in Japan and one of the “3Gs“).

A complete experimental design considering all possible combinations of factors and levels, assessing their effects on outcomes.

Statistical models or regression models encompassing linear relationships between variables, allowing for multiple predictors or factors.

Technical rules for the development and execution of physical structures or technical objects. These rules are seen as theoretically correct from a scientific point of view and are applied in practice. They extend beyond the applicable technical regulations and standards.

Reality

Geometric dimensioning and tolerancing (GD&T): A set of rules and standard symbols to define part features and relationships on an engineering drawing depicting the geometric relationship of part features and allowing the maximum tolerance that permits full function of the product.

A probability distribution describing the number of trials needed to achieve the first success in a sequence of independent trials.

A measure of central tendency calculated by taking the nth root of the product of n numbers, used for skewed or log normally distributed data.

George M. Low Trophy: An award presented by NASA to NASA aerospace industry contractors, subcontractors and suppliers that consistently maintain and improve the quality of their products and services. George M. Low was the NASA administrator for nearly three decades.

German Equipment and Product Safety Act. In Germany, this law regulates the placement of products on the market and the display of products, as well as the construction and operation of systems that require monitoring. The Geräte und Produktsicherheitsgesetz superseded the Produktsicherheitsgesetz (ProdSG – Product Safety Act) and the Gerätesicherheitsgesetz (GSG – Equipment Safety Act) on May 1, 2004. This Act implemented the European directive on general product safety in Germany into national law.

Information on safe handling of hazardous equipment.

Global quality: The systematic design and implementation of quality processes across the world, based on information sharing and best practices.

A web based overview or index presenting definitions and explanations of terms, concepts, or jargon used in a specific domain or context.

See Good Laboratory Practice.

See Good Manufacturing Practice.

5 S (SEIRI, SEITON, SEISO, SEIKETSU, SHITSUKE), 5 points of workplace organization and maintenance

Five "whys" and one H (who, what, where, when why and how),

Go/no go: State of a unit or product. Two parameters are possible: go (conforms to specifications) and no go (does not conform to specifications).

Goal: A broad statement describing a desired future condition or achievement without being specific about how much and when.

The process of optimizing responses or outcomes to achieve specific objectives or goals within a system or process.

A clear and concise statement outlining specific objectives or targets to be achieved, guiding initiatives or projects.

Quality assurance system that deals with the organizational flow and general conditions under which non clinical safety inspections relevant to health and the environment are planned, conducted and monitored. GLP also deals with the recording, archiving and reporting with regard to the inspections. (GLP principles of the OECD, Organisation for Economic Co Operation and Development)

Good laboratory practices (GLP): A quality system (for example, 21 CFR, part 58) for labs and organizations to use to ensure the uniformity, consistency, reliability, reproducibility, quality and integrity of testing performed. Promoted by the Organization for Economic Co operation and Development (OECD) and some regulatory agencies in the world.

This standard from the WHO places binding requirements on the manufacturers of food and medicinal products. GMP (Good Manufacturing Practice) has the nature of a law in the health sector.

Good manufacturing practices (GMP): A minimum set of practices recommended or required by some regulatory agencies (for example, 21 CFR, parts 808, 812 and 820) for manufacturers to meet to ensure their products consistently meet requirements for their intended use.

Standards recognized by authoritative bodies, meeting legislative requirements or industry standards.

A statistical method used to compare ranked data or to assess associations between two or more groups.

A statistical test evaluating how well an observed distribution fits a theoretical distribution or model.

See Geräte und Produktsicherheitsgesetz.

Gesellschaft für Qualitätswissenschaft e.V., at the Technische Universität Berlin, www.tu cottbus.de/gqw

Measure of value or class that describes the various quality requirements placed on products, processes or systems with the same functional use. Example: Hotel category according to stars or classes in plane tickets (e.g., first, business or economy class). (On the basis of ISO 9000:2015)

The arithmetic mean or average calculated across multiple groups or datasets, representing a combined average.

Text or labels added to a graph or chart to provide additional information or context for data visualization.

The file format or structure used to save or store graphical data, determining compatibility and readability.

Software or tools facilitating the arrangement and organization of elements within graphs or visual displays.

A specified area or segment within a graph or chart displaying data or information related to a particular region.

The numerical or proportional representation of values on axes or dimensions within a graph or chart.

A descriptive title given to a graph or chart, summarizing the content or purpose of the visual representation.

In Six Sigma, an individual trained in problem solving and process improvement techniques, usually working on improvement projects.

Green Belt (GB): An employee who has been trained in the Six Sigma improvement method and can lead a process improvement or quality improvement team as part of his or her full time job.

A collection of individuals or items brought together based on common characteristics, interests, or criteria.

Group dynamic: The interaction (behavior) of individuals within a team meeting.

A matrix illustrating similarities and relationships between parts or components in a manufacturing or production process.

Quality control system covering an entire organization.

Cooperation among individual people on a specific topic.

Groupthink: A situation in which critical information is withheld from the team because individual members censor or restrain themselves, either because they believe their concerns are not worth discussing or because they are afraid of confrontation. Occurs when most or all team members coalesce in supporting an idea or decision that hasn’t been fully explored.

Geprüfte Sicherheit [Tested Safety]. See GS mark.

The GS mark is an indicator of “Tested Safety“. The mark was introduced in 1977 and is based on the Geräte und Produktsicherheitsgesetz (GPSG – Equipment and Product Safety Act), according to which the Bundesministerium für Arbeit und Sozialordnung (German Federal Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs) can designate testing centers that have the right to issue the GS mark for devices and technical work materials, as far as these are covered by the GPSG. This includes products for commercial and private requirements.

Also liability for defects. Certain legal consequences and demands to which the purchaser is entitled in the framework of a sales agreement in the event that the seller has supplied unsatisfactory goods or items. A contract for work and services also provides a guarantee for deficiencies in the work produced. A warranty differs from the legally stipulated guarantee because there is no legal obligation to give a warranty promise. An EU directive specifies minimum standards for the guarantee in the case of commercial sale to private end customers. In principle, claims exist against the seller, but not against the manufacturer of the goods.

Advice or information providing a consistent approach or explanation.

Document with requirements for the offered product and instructions for the activities to be carried out.

Recommendation or suggestions that are described in documents. (On the basis of ISO 9000:2015)